Decentralized STORAGE - next BIG trend? - Featuring CRUST
Description
What is Crust Network? Crust Network implements the incentive layer protocol for decentralized storage. It is adaptable to multiple storage layer protocols such as IPFS, and provides support for the a...
AI Analysis
Decentralized storage is quickly becoming a hot topic, especially in China, and Crust Network is a project leading the charge. It aims to build a decentralized storage and computation layer, eventually creating a decentralized cloud ecosystem. This initiative is seen as one of the biggest applications of blockchain technology, potentially rivaling traditional internet data storage and pushing the internet towards Web3.
Here's a breakdown of the key discussions:
* The Need for Decentralized Storage:
Traditional centralized storage solutions, like Amazon Web Services or iCloud, excel at managing geographically distributed data. However, they struggle with managing decentralized trust*. In a corporate setting, partners often don't trust each other, and a centralized entity becomes a single point of failure and control.
* While centralized entities offer a "single throat to choke" for blame in case of a data breach, personal usage highlights the risks. iCloud and AWS have experienced data leaks, with no 100% guarantee of data protection.
* Decentralized cloud offers transparency because the entire network and technical stack are open-source and auditable. This means users can inspect the code, offering a higher level of trust for private and crucial data, which enterprises often hesitate to put on public clouds.
* Decentralized storage is also crucial for dApps (decentralized applications). NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens) and many DeFi (Decentralized Finance) applications require decentralized storage for images, videos, and other information to ensure censorship resistance and true ownership. Social media dApps also demand decentralized storage to prevent data ownership by centralized providers.
* Ensuring Security and Privacy in a Decentralized Network:
* It might seem counterintuitive, but decentralized storage can be more secure and private. The key is auditable transparency.
* Crust Network utilizes Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) technology, a hardware-level protection that ensures data uploaded to a server remains secure and untampered with within an isolated environment.
Unlike centralized cloud providers who merely claim TEE support, Crust's blockchain network enforces* it. If a node operator doesn't have TEE or fails to follow protocols, the network automatically detects and punishes them, providing a verifiable layer of trust that traditional centralized systems lack.
* This is particularly relevant in environments where corporate espionage is high, like in China, where companies often distrust each other and need verifiable security.
* Crust Network's Technical Stack and Operation:
* Crust is built on a three-layer technical stack developed over three years:
1. Hardware Layer (MPW - Meaningful Proof of Work): Requires hardware equipped with a TEE environment. This proves that data is stored securely and correctly. Modern Intel CPUs (i7 and newer) often have built-in TEE capabilities, meaning even a recent MacBook or a current-generation desktop can qualify to provide storage services.
2. Blockchain Layer: Built on Substrate, the framework for Polkadot. This allows for highly customized blockchain functionality that a simple smart contract on Ethereum couldn't achieve, providing better performance and TPS (transactions per second) necessary for a storage market.
3. Decentralized Storage Market: This layer allows node operators to accept storage orders from the market and earn income.
* The dream is that anyone with excess storage on their computer can provide it to the network and earn rewards, turning unused resources into income.
* Earning Potential for Node Operators:
* Currently, in the early stages, most mining income comes from blockchain rewards (inflation/incentive-based), rather than direct market contracts, as the market demand isn't yet massive.
* As the technology matures and market adoption grows, the network expects a transition to a contract-based system where income is driven by storage services used by dApps and other users. This transition is expected within two to three years.
* Competitive Landscape and Crust's Unique Position:
* Crust sees other decentralized storage solutions like Filecoin, Storj, and Arweave (for permanent storage) not necessarily as direct competitors but as projects targeting different market positions or use cases.
* Compared to Filecoin: Filecoin's proof mechanism (zero-knowledge calculation proof) requires higher-end hardware (GPU, CPU, network resources), making it more expensive and targeting a higher-end segment.
* Crust's Advantages: Crust is designed to be cheaper, more distributed, and more privacy-oriented. Its TEE integration means users don't need to manage their own data encryption keys; this can be handled by the network, simplifying the process and enhancing privacy for private data.
* Polkadot Ecosystem Integration: Being a parachain on Polkadot provides significant benefits, including interoperability with other dApps and the ability to use stablecoins available in the Polkadot ecosystem for payments. This high interoperability is crucial for the broader Web3 ecosystem.
* Market Trends and Hype in China:
* The decentralized storage trend in China has seen three waves:
1. Initial Filecoin Hype (2-3 years ago): People bought significant hardware (hard disks, mining machines) in anticipation of Filecoin's launch.
2. Proof of Capacity (POC) Projects: With Filecoin's mainnet delayed, existing hardware was repurposed for POC projects (like BurstCoin), which didn't store meaningful data but validated hard disk space.
3. Current Wave (Post-Filecoin Launch): With Filecoin's mainnet launch imminent, focus is returning to decentralized storage, with a large supply of existing mining hardware and data centers in China.
* Adoption Strategy:
* Consumer App (Crust Cloud): Crust is building its own application, Crust Cloud, a decentralized version of iCloud or Dropbox for desktops and cell phones. This will demonstrate Crust Network's capabilities, particularly its "security storage space" feature, which uses TEE to prove data security to users. A demo version is expected by the end of the month.
* dApp Integration (SDK/Gateway): Crust is developing an SDK (Software Development Kit) and gateway for other dApp developers. They are actively engaging with dApps like Mathbook (a social media dApp) and Web3 Analytics, inviting them to test and build their storage scenarios on Crust.
* Building on Polkadot:
* Crust chose Polkadot over Ethereum, Cosmos, or Near due to several factors:
* Technical Requirements: Crust needed a highly customized blockchain, not just smart contracts, given its complex technical stack and module interactions.
* Performance: For a storage market with many orders, high TPS was crucial. While ETH 2.0 is promising, Polkadot offered a better solution at the time.
* Ecosystem Support: Web3 Foundation and Parity Technologies provided significant marketing and technical support, which was a decisive factor.
* Building on Polkadot's Substrate framework was challenging but supported by a strong community and Parity's history with Ethereum development.
* Roadmap and Timelines:
* Milestone 1 (Already Achieved): Maxwell CC2, Testnet Version 2, with stable block generation. No external miner incentives.
* Milestone 2 (By end of October): Maxwell 2.0, the next version, will invite external miners to join the incentivized testnet, offering rewards based on provided resources and storage usage. This is when users can start providing storage and potentially earning.
* Milestone 3 (By end of December): The planned mainnet launch.
* CRU Token Utility:
* The CRU token has three main categories of use cases:
1. On-Chain: Transaction fees, guaranteeing (voting for) validators, and staking for the network's Proof-of-Stake consensus.
2. Storage Market: Used by storage users to pay for services and by storage merchants to make a pledge (collateral) to provide storage resources.
3. Governance: Similar to Polkadot/Kusama, the token enables participation in network governance via councils, technical committees, and voting mechanisms, ensuring a decentralized management.
* Token Launch and Community Engagement:
* Crust has already completed a private sale.
* An ongoing auction is happening on the Bounce platform, where participants can bid using ETH for CRU tokens across three pools.
* CRU will initially be an ERC20 token, with plans for listings on DEXs and centralized exchanges.
* Eventually, a bridge will allow CRU tokens to be mapped between the Ethereum and Polkadot networks, offering flexibility for trading and utility.
* Community members can stay updated and engage via Telegram, Twitter, Discord, and Medium (for detailed technical and economic information).
* Addressing Challenges:
* High Ethereum gas fees are a concern for ERC20 token liquidity and overall adoption, but Crust plans to mitigate this by engaging with centralized exchanges and leveraging its own chain on Polkadot, which will ease gas fee pressure once the mainnet is live and integrated.
* The ability to bridge between Ethereum and Polkadot is seen as a crucial future trend.
Transcript
going live guys so hey guys and welcome back to box mining i'm actually really excited today to bring you a very different topic that we haven't covered too much on this channel but it's actually very important so we're talking about decentralized storage and this narrative is getting super hot in china right now especially with the rise of file coin and storage today we have crust network that's doing something very very different actually funny story with this how this all started we were int...